POPULATION AND
ECONOMY IN SPAIN
During next weeks we will start to study the population and economy of Spain and Europe. Here we have some stuff of it. Enjoy it!
During next weeks we will start to study the population and economy of Spain and Europe. Here we have some stuff of it. Enjoy it!
A)
POPULATION
Population
It
is the number of people who live in a particular area.
Growth of Population
Population
can grow because of natural and migration growth.
Natural growth
The
difference between number of people who are born and number of people who are
dead.
Migratory growth
Difference
between number of inmigrants who come to live in an area and number of
emigrants who leave the place where they life.
An emigrant
He/she
is a person who leaves their country to live
in another country
An immigrant
He/she
is a person who comes to live in a
foreign country.
Today,
Spain is home to more than five million immigrants.
Thanks
to that, the population of Spain continues to increase.
Kinds of migration inside of Spain
Internal migration is migration within the same country
International emigration is migration from one country to another.
International immigration. People from other countries come to a new country looking for work
Population Density
Population
density show us if a place has a large or small population in relation to its
area. Area is measured in square kilometers.
Population
density is the number of inhabitants per square kilometre.
Population and Economy
Population
can be divided into two groups:
Active population.
This includes people who are of legal working age (between 16 and 67) and are healthy and able to
work
It can be
employed or unemployed.
People who are employed are working and earn money in
exchange.
People who are unemployed are looking for work.
Inactive population.
This includes people who are not of legal working age (children
under 16 and retired people) and people who do
not receive a salary (students, people who are ill, etc).
The
active population works in three
economic sectors: primary, secondary and tertiary.
B)
ECONOMY
Economic Sectors
The
primary sector
Agriculture.
Dry Crops: Cereals,
grapes and olives.
(They are grown
mainly in Castile‑La Mancha, Castile‑Leon and
Andalusia.)
Irrigated crops: Fruits and vegetables.
(They are grown mainly in Andalusia, the Community of
Valencia and the Region of Murcia).
Livestock farming.
Pigs are the most abundant livestock in Spain.
(Catalonia and Aragon).
Cattle are the second most abundant livestock.
Cows (Extremadura, Castile‑Leon and Castile‑La Mancha.)
Poultry farming is abundant throughout the whole of
Spain.
Fishing. Most fishing in Spain is coastal or
inshore.
Galicia
and Andalusia are the Communities with most fishermen
Mining. The mining industry has lost much of its active
population.
The secondary sector
This sector includes industry and construction.
a) Industry.
The three most important types of industry are:
Primary industries
They
transform raw material into other
materials.
The
metallurgical and chemical industries are the most important in Spain.
(Basque
country, Catalonia, Community of Madrid and Andalusia)
Equipment and machinery industries
They produce tools and machinery which other industries need. Ex: robots. Machines, cars ships and electrical supplies.
(They are mainly located in Catalonia, the Community of Madrid and
the Community of Valencia)
Consumer industries
They manufacture products to sell directly to
consumers. Ex: Food industries
manufactures bread.
Food, textiles,
furniture and graphic arts are the most important consumer industries. (whole
of Spain)
Construction industry.
This industry makes houses, buildings and public
works, such as bridges and motorways
The tertiary sector
The tertiary sector is also called the service sector.
The tertiary sector does not provide us with material
goods.
It includes activities which provide services such as educational, health,
financial, administrative, trade, tourism, transport and communications services.
Some services, such as hospitals, universities and
administrative services, are mainly found in cities
Trade
Trade is the buying and selling of products. These products
come from the primary and secondary sectors
There are two types of trade:
Domestic trade
It is commerce within a country. In other words,
products are made and
sold within the same country. For example,
agricultural products that are grown inAndalusia are sold in Galicia.
Foreign trade
It is commerce with other countries. In other words,
products are bought from and sold to other countries.
Exports
They are products which are sold to other
countries. Spain exports many products, such as books, shoes and cars
Imports
They
are products bought from other
countries. Spain imports products such as petroleum and gas, minerals and
computers.
Transport
So that products can reach shops and the consumers, we
use various means of transport.
There are three main types of transport:
Land transport.
Products are transported in lorries along motorways or on
trains, by railways. The majority of
products are transported by lorry.
Most of Spain is connected by a network of main roads and
motorways.
Sea transport.
Ships leave
from and arrive at Spain’s seaports. Merchandise is transported on large cargo ships. Spain’s busiest
ports are in Algerciras, Barcelona, Bilbao and Valencia
Air transport.
Products are transported in aeroplanes that take of f from and land at airports
‑Barajas is the busiest airport in Spain for merchandise,
as well as for passengers.
Tourism
Tourism is travel to other places for the purpose of relaxation or fun.
Kinds of tourism:
Sun and sand tourism:
It is the most
popular type of tourism in Spain.
Rural tourism:
It is popular
in Spain’s mountain and coastal areas.
Cultural tourism:
It is popular
in cities with rich cultural and historical heritage, such as Madrid, Barcelona, Toledo,
Segovia and Seville.