POPULATION AND ECONOMY IN SPAIN
During next weeks we will start to study the population and economy of Spain and Europe. Here we have some stuff  of itEnjoy it!
A) POPULATION
Population
It is the number of people who live in a particular area.
Growth of Population
Population can grow because of natural and migration growth.
Natural growth
The difference between number of people who are born and number of people who are dead.
Migratory growth
Difference between number of inmigrants who come to live in an area and number of emigrants who leave the place where they life.

An  emigrant
He/she  is a person who leaves their country to live in another country
An immigrant
He/she  is a person who comes to live in a foreign country.
Today, Spain is home to more than five million immigrants.
Thanks to that, the population of Spain continues to increase.



Kinds of migration inside of Spain
Internal migration is migration within the same country
International emigration is migration from one country to another.
International immigration. People from other countries come to a  new country looking for work
Population Density
Population density show us if a place has a large or small population in relation to its area. Area is measured in square kilometers.
Population density is the number of inhabitants per square kilometre.
Population and Economy
Population can be divided into two groups:
Active population.

This includes people who are of  legal working age (between 16 and 67) and are healthy and able to work

 It can be employed or unemployed.

People who are employed are working and earn money in exchange.

People who are unemployed are looking for work.

Inactive population.

This includes people who are not of  legal working age (children
under 16 and retired people) and people who do not receive a salary (students, people who are ill, etc).

The active population works in three economic sectors: primary, secondary and tertiary.
B) ECONOMY


Economic Sectors
The primary sector
Agriculture.

 Dry Crops: Cereals, grapes and olives.
 (They are grown mainly in CastileLa Mancha, CastileLeon  and Andalusia.)

Irrigated crops: Fruits and vegetables.
(They are grown mainly in Andalusia, the Community of Valencia and the Region of Murcia).

Livestock farming.

Pigs are the most abundant livestock in Spain.
(Catalonia and Aragon).

Cattle are the second most abundant livestock.
Cows (Extremadura, CastileLeon and CastileLa Mancha.)

Poultry farming is abundant throughout the whole of Spain.

Fishing. Most fishing in Spain is coastal or inshore.
Galicia and Andalusia are the Communities with most fishermen
Mining. The mining industry has lost much of its active population.

The secondary sector

This sector includes industry and construction.

a) Industry. The three most important types of industry are:

Primary industries
They  transform raw material into other materials.
The metallurgical and chemical industries are the most important in Spain.
(Basque country, Catalonia, Community of Madrid and Andalusia)
Equipment and machinery industries

They produce tools and machinery which other industries need. Ex:  robots. Machines, cars ships and electrical supplies.

(They are mainly located in Catalonia, the Community of Madrid and the Community of  Valencia)


Consumer industries

They  manufacture products to sell directly to consumers. Ex: Food industries manufactures bread.
 Food, textiles, furniture and graphic arts are the most important consumer industries. (whole of Spain)

Construction industry.
This industry makes houses, buildings and public works, such as bridges and motorways


The tertiary sector
The tertiary sector is also called the service sector.
The tertiary sector does not provide us with material goods.
It includes activities which provide services such as educational, health, financial, administrative, trade, tourism, transport and communications services.
Some services, such as hospitals, universities and administrative services, are mainly found in cities

Trade

Trade is the buying and selling of products. These products come from the primary and secondary sectors

There are two types of trade:

 Domestic trade
It is commerce within a country. In other words, products are made and
sold within the same country. For example, agricultural products that are grown inAndalusia are sold in Galicia.


Foreign trade
It is commerce with other countries. In other words, products are bought from and sold to other countries.

Exports
 They are products which are sold to other countries. Spain exports many products, such as books, shoes and cars
Imports
They  are products bought from other countries. Spain imports products such as petroleum and gas, minerals and computers.
Transport
So that products can reach shops and the consumers, we
use various means of transport.
There are three main types of transport:

Land transport.

Products are transported in lorries along motorways or on trains, by railways. The majority of products are transported by lorry.
Most of Spain is connected by a network of main roads and motorways.

Sea transport.

 Ships leave from and arrive at Spain’s seaports. Merchandise is transported on large cargo ships. Spain’s busiest ports are in Algerciras, Barcelona, Bilbao and Valencia


Air transport.

Products are transported in aeroplanes that  take of f from and land at airports
Barajas is the busiest airport in Spain for merchandise, as well as for passengers.

Tourism

Tourism is travel to other places for the purpose of relaxation or fun.

Kinds of tourism:

Sun and sand tourism:
It  is the most popular type of tourism in Spain.

Rural tourism:
It  is popular in Spain’s mountain and coastal areas.
Cultural tourism:
It  is popular in cities with rich cultural and historical heritage, such as Madrid, Barcelona, Toledo, Segovia and Seville.